open BIM vs. closed BIM
In contrast to open BIM, closed BIM relies on the creation of model data in an application (software family) with all specialist planners. This type of model is also known as a central model.
At first glance, this appears to be an advantage, as all participants work together in one place. However, this presupposes that ALL planners use the same software, not only in the planning but also in the execution phases. This eliminates the advantage of independence and creates a competitive disadvantage.
Long-term applicability is also no longer an advantage, as software updates are tied to manufacturer specifications and planners have no influence on how long their data can actually be opened and therefore used.
Each software is also programmed centrally by its manufacturer, i.e. for international use. How data, in particular the geometries, are calculated within the software is not subject to any specifications or quality management. This also eliminates the advantage of self-sufficiency and transparency of model data.
Another disadvantage is that it is very difficult to achieve a clear allocation of and compliance with responsibilities within a centralised model. For example, both architecture and structural design access the same supports. Who is authorised to prioritise these must be constantly reassessed.
There is no way around openBIM to achieve the objectives of a BIM project in a secure and easily controllable way, because only openBIM offers all the advantages of the BIM method.
Text source: ODE